Kafukufuku adapeza kuti matumba anali okhoza kunyamula ngakhale zinthu zachilengedwe
Matumba apulasitiki omwe amati akhoza kuwonongeka ndi biodegradable anali akadali osasunthika ndipo amatha kunyamula kugula zaka zitatu atakumana ndi chilengedwe, kafukufuku wapeza.
Kafukufukuyu adayesa matumba opangidwa ndi kompositi kwa nthawi yoyamba, mitundu iwiri ya thumba losawonongeka komanso matumba onyamulira wamba atakumana ndi nyanja, mpweya ndi dziko lapansi kwa nthawi yayitali.Palibe matumba omwe adawola kwathunthu m'malo onse.
Thumba la kompositi likuwoneka kuti likuyenda bwino kuposa thumba lotchedwa biodegradable thumba.Chikwama cha kompositi chija chinazimiririka patatha miyezi itatu m'madzi am'madzi koma ofufuza akuti pakufunika ntchito yochulukirapo kuti adziwe zomwe zidawonongeka ndikuganiziranso zotsatira za chilengedwe.
Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu matumba "owonongeka" omwe anali atakwiriridwa munthaka ndi nyanja adatha kunyamula kugula.Chikwama cha kompositi chinalipo m'nthaka miyezi 27 atayikidwa m'manda, koma atayesedwa ndi kugula sanathe kunyamula kulemera kulikonse popanda kung'amba.
Ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya Plymouth's International Marine Litter Research Unit ati kafukufukuyu - wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Environmental Science and Technology - akudzutsa funso ngati mankhwala opangidwa ndi biodegradable akhoza kudaliridwa kuti apereke chiwopsezo chapamwamba kwambiri kotero kuti yankho lenileni ku vuto la zinyalala za pulasitiki.
Imogen Napper, yemwe adatsogolera phunziroli, adati:“Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, ndinadabwa kwambiri kuti matumba aliwonse amathabe kunyamula katundu wogula.Kuti matumba a biodegradable athe kutero zinali zodabwitsa kwambiri.Mukawona china chake cholembedwa mwanjira imeneyi, ndikuganiza kuti mumangoganiza kuti chidzatsika mwachangu kuposa matumba wamba.Koma, patatha zaka zitatu, kafukufuku wathu akuwonetsa kuti sizingakhale choncho. ”
Pafupifupi theka la mapulasitiki amatayidwa akagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumakhala zinyalala.
Ngakhale kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndalama zamatumba apulasitiki ku UK, masitolo akuluakulu akupangabe mabiliyoni ambiri chaka chilichonse.Akafukufuku wa 10 masitolo akuluakuluBungwe la Greenpeace lidawulula kuti akupanga matumba apulasitiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi 1.1bn, matumba apulasitiki okwana 1.2bn a zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi "matumba amoyo" okwana 958m pachaka.
Kafukufuku wa Plymouth akuti mu 2010 akuti matumba onyamula pulasitiki okwana 98.6bn adayikidwa pamsika wa EU ndipo pafupifupi matumba apulasitiki owonjezera a 100bn adayikidwa chaka chilichonse kuyambira pamenepo.
Kuzindikira za vuto la kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki ndi momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira chilengedwe chadzetsa kukula kwa zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa kuti biodegradable ndi compostable options.
Kafukufukuyu akuti zina mwazinthuzi zimagulitsidwa limodzi ndi mawu osonyeza kuti "zitha kubwezeretsedwanso m'chilengedwe mwachangu kwambiri kuposa pulasitiki wamba" kapena "njira zina zopangira pulasitiki".
Koma Napper adati zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti palibe thumba lililonse lomwe lingadaliridwe kuti liwonetse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwazaka zitatu m'malo onse."Choncho sizodziwika kuti oxo-biodegradable kapena biodegradable formulations amapereka mlingo wokwanira wowonongeka kuti ukhale wopindulitsa pochepetsa zinyalala za m'nyanja, poyerekeza ndi matumba wamba," kafukufukuyu adapeza.
Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti njira zotayira matumba a kompositi zinali zofunika.Ziyenera kuonongeka m'njira yoyendetsedwa ndi manyowa pogwiritsa ntchito tizirombo tating'ono tomwe timapezeka mwachilengedwe.Koma lipotilo linanena kuti izi zimafuna mtsinje wa zinyalala woperekedwa ku zinyalala za kompositi - zomwe UK ilibe.
Vegware, yomwe inapanga thumba la compostable lomwe linagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza, linanena kuti phunziroli linali chikumbutso cha panthawi yake kuti palibe zinthu zomwe zinali zamatsenga, ndipo zikhoza kubwezeretsedwanso pamalo ake oyenera.
"Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwa mawu monga compostable, biodegradable ndi (oxo) -degradable," adatero mneneri."Kutaya chinthu m'malo ozungulira kumangotayirabe, kumakhala kompositi kapena ayi.Kukwirira si kompositi.Zida zopangira manyowa zimatha kupanga kompositi ndi zinthu zisanu zofunika kwambiri - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mpweya, chinyezi, kutentha ndi nthawi. "
Mitundu isanu yosiyanasiyana ya chikwama chonyamulira pulasitiki chinafaniziridwa.Izi zinaphatikizapo mitundu iwiri ya thumba la oxo-biodegradable, thumba limodzi lotha kuwonongeka, thumba limodzi lopangidwa ndi compostable, ndi thumba la polyethylene lolemera kwambiri - thumba lapulasitiki wamba.
Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti palibe umboni womveka bwino wosonyeza kuti zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka, oxo-biodegradable ndi compostable zidapereka mwayi wachilengedwe kuposa mapulasitiki wamba, komanso kuthekera kogawika kukhala ma microplastics kudadzetsa nkhawa.
Prof Richard Thompson, wamkulu wa gululi, adati kafukufukuyu adafunsa ngati anthu akusocheretsedwa.
“Tikuwonetsa pano kuti zida zomwe zidayesedwa sizinaperekepo mwayi uliwonse wokhazikika, wodalirika komanso wofunikira pankhani ya zinyalala zam'madzi, "adatero."Zimandidetsa nkhawa kuti mabuku atsopanowa amakhalanso ndi zovuta pakubwezeretsanso.Kafukufuku wathu akugogomezera kufunikira kwa miyezo yokhudzana ndi zinthu zosawonongeka, kufotokoza momveka bwino njira yoyenera yotayira komanso mitengo yowonongeka yomwe ingayembekezeredwe. ”
Nthawi yotumiza: May-23-2022
